BRAF represents one of the most frequently mutated protein kinase genes in human tumours. BRAF mutation is seen in melanoma, papillary thyroid carcinoma [including papillary thyroid carcinoma arising from ovarian teratoma], ovarian serous tumours, colorectal carcinoma, gliomas, hepatobiliary carcinomas and hairy cell leukaemia.
BRAF mutations occur in approximately 8% of human tumours, most frequently in melanoma, colorectal and thyroid cancers (Davies et al. 2002; Gorden et al. 2003)
Melanoma 27-67%
Papillary thyroid 36-69%
Colon cancer 5-17%
Head and neck cancers 3-5%
Pancreatic cancer 4-7%
Glioblastoma 3-6%
Lung Cancer 1-3%
Ovarian cancer 0-27%
Gastric 0-11%
Cholangiocarcinoma 0-22%
Prostate 0-10%
Endometrial 0-21%